Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) apexification: A novel approach for traumatised young immature permanent teeth. ; Felippe, W.T. Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland. Indirect pulp capping in the primary dentition: a 4 year follow-up study. ; Lee, S.H. Keywords: ; Abrandabadi, A.N. Selecting the best materials for either of these pulp-capping processes is critical. For many decades calcium hydroxide formulations are the best documented and most reliable materials for direct pulp capping and serve as the “gold standard”. bio-inductive materials in direct and indirect pulp capping procedures. ; Pitt Ford, T.R. Schwendicke, F.; Frencken, J.E. On the other hand, it has been proven that the fluoride ion release of ACTIVA is lower than that of the conventional GI (Keta Molar Quick Aplicap, 3M ESPE, Saint Paul, MN, USA) and also than that of RMGI cement (VitremerTM, 3M-ESPE, Saint Paul, MN, USA) [, The company markets this product as a “light-cured resin-modified calcium silicate” (RMCS) combining uncompromised attributes of both composite and GI [, Comparing to both MTA and Biodentine, ACTIVA BioACTIVE represents a favorable setting time with no delay placing final restoration (, The bioactive properties of ACTIVA BioACTIVE products are based on a mechanism whereby the material responds to pH cycles and plays an active role in releasing and recharging of significant amounts of calcium, phosphate and fluoride [, Despite the fact that ACTIVA BioACTIVE products are RMGICs, the laboratory and clinical findings indicate that the self-adhesive ability of the material is not elucidated [, Considering the material’s characteristics, the application of ACTIVA BioACTIVE in direct and indirect pulp capping might be justified. However, the long setting time and also high cost have urged the development of new types of MTA-based materials to overcome these drawbacks (, The biocompatibility and sealing ability of MTA result from the dominant calcium ion released from the material which reacts with phosphates in tissue fluid, inducing hydroxyapatite formation (, The first formulation of MTA was grey, but due to the reported discoloration of teeth [, In addition, MTA is less toxic, easier to use in pulp capping procedures and causes less pulpal inflammation than Ca(OH), Other key factors for successful pulp capping procedures are the ability of the bioactive material to seal to the tooth structure, the bond strength between the pulp capping material and restorative properties (, Alternation in material characteristics has recently led to development of new generation MTA-based cements; namely, Neo MTA Plus (Avalon Biomed Inc., Houston, TX, USA) and the iRoot (Innovative BioCeramix Inc., Vancouver, BC, Canada) products family. Pornamazeh, T.; Yadegari, Z.; Ghasemi, A.; Sheykh-al-Eslamian, S.M. may include direct pulp capping, indirect pulp capping if the tissue is not fully exposed, and partial or total pulpotomy; this permits the preservation of the vitality of the tooth, its nociceptive functions, and the defense system of the body itself. Based on evaluation of pulpal responses in dog partial pulpotomy cases, complete dentin bridge was observed only in 33% of specimens [, TheraCal LC exhibits higher bond strength values than Biodentine when layered with either composite or glassionomer cement [, Although sufficient bioactivity, superior handling properties and superior quality of bonding with the final overlaying restoration could justify the use of TheraCal LC as the IPC agent, further in vitro and in vivo studies are required. Costa, C.A. To determine their clinical efficacy, further studies are needed. ; Bernardineli, N.; Garcia, R.B. Camilleri, J. Staining Potential of Neo MTA Plus, MTA Plus, and Biodentine Used for Pulpotomy Procedures. Indirect pulp capping (IPC) is a treatment that preserves pulp's vitality. ; Silva, G.F.; Jm, G.; In, C.P.S. Vivan, R.R. Bioactive and Biomimetic Restorative Materials: A Comprehensive Review: Part I. Cao, C.Y. Evaluation of the physical and chemical properties of two commercial and three experimental root-end filling materials. Calcium hydroxide pastes: Classification and clinical indications. A randomized controlled study of the use of ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate and Endocem as direct pulp capping materials: 3-month versus 1-year outcomes. Available online: Rajasekharan, S.; Martens, L.C. Jefferies, S.R. The effects of indirect pulp capping materials CASE REPORT. … A direct pulp cap is done on permanent teeth when the removal of deep decay results in exposing the pulp. Bjørndal, L.; Simon, S.; Tomson, P.L. HHS ; Ramírez, V.; Mercade, M. Direct Pulp Capping with Calcium Hydroxide, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, and Biodentine in Permanent Young Teeth with Caries: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Fonseca, T.S. ; Alothmani, O.S. Indirect pulp capping … Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov, Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus, Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. ; Duarte, M.A.H. ; Jefferies, S.R. Human Pulp Responses to Partial Pulpotomy Treatment with TheraCal as Compared with Biodentine and ProRoot MTA: A Clinical Trial. Sulwińska, M.; Szczesio, A.; Bołtacz-Rzepkowska, E. Bond strength of a resin composite to MTA at various time intervals and with different adhesive strategies. Comparison of Setting Time, Compressive Strength, Solubility, and pH of Four Kinds of MTA. It is intended to protect the pulp and be used in deep areas of decay for indirect and direct pulp capping. I place a small increment and then spread it with the tip of a perio probe. Thanatvarakorn, O.; Nakajima, M.; Prasansuttiporn, T.; Ichinose, S.; Foxton, R.M. We used 60 third molars Furthermore, TheraCal cannot be recommended for DPC [, ACTIVA BioACTIVE-BASE/LINER (Pulpdent, USA) was launched in 2014 claiming the strength, aesthetics and physical properties of composites and increased release and recharge of calcium, phosphate and fluoride in comparison with glassionomer (GI). Torabinejad, M.; Hong, C.; McDonald, F.; Pitt Ford, T. Physical and chemical properties of a new root-end filling material. ; Tan, B.C.K. Tulumbaci, F.; Almaz, M.E. Both materials share the same clinical applications in vital pulp treatment, but only a few studies are available to assess their use in clinical practice [, Addressing the difficult handling of MTA, the iRoot products are available in different consistencies, what could offer an advantage of choosing suitable one for each clinical application. Endod. On the other hand, stepwise excavation involves re-entry after 6–12 months after application of a biomaterial in an indirect, two-stage, selective carious-tissue removal technique. Materials and Methods: A longitudinal interventional single-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on 94 children (7–12 years) with a deep carious lesion in one or more primary second molar and permanent first molar without the history of spontaneous pain indicated for indirect pulp capping (IPC) procedure. Kaup, M.; Dammann, C.H. Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Based on the calcium (Ca, Marginal sealing is provided by micromechanical retention due to penetration of Biodentine into the dentin tubules forming tag-like structures, and represents similar bond strength to dentine compared toMTA (ProRoot MTA) [, When compared to MTA, improvements in BD properties, such as setting time, mechanical qualities and initial cohesiveness, led to widened range of applications, including endodontic repair and vital pulp therapy. ; Mei, M.L. Ha, W.N. Effect of different surface treatment protocols on the shear bond strength of perforation repair materials to resin composite. The statements, opinions and data contained in the journal, © 1996-2021 MDPI (Basel, Switzerland) unless otherwise stated. ; Kucukyilmaz, E.; Sari, T. Evaluation of temperature changes in the pulp chamber during polymerization of light-cured pulp-capping materials by using a VALO LED light curing unit at different curing distances. ; writing—review and editing, M.L.-S.; supervision M.L.-S. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. ; Jensen, E.; Örtengren, U.; Michelsen, V.B. Chedella, S.C.V. ; Banerjee, A. ; Schäfer, E.; Dammaschke, T. Shear bond strength of Biodentine, ProRoot MTA, glass ionomer cement and composite resin on human dentine ex vivo. Mineral trioxide aggregate-A review of properties and testing methodologies. Stencel, R.; Kasperski, J.; Pakiela, W.; Mertas, A.; Bobela, E.; Barszczewska-Rybarek, I.; Chladek, G. Properties of experimental dental composites containing antibacterial silver-releasing filler. Namely, iRoot BP (IBC, Burnaby, BC, USA) is deposited on preloaded syringes, while the iRoot BP Plus is available in jars and with a thicker consistency, and the iRoot FS was especially developed to set faster with final setting time of 57.0 ± 2.7 min [. The first stage involves selective carious removal to soft dentine, to an extent that facilitates proper placement of a temporary restoration, and the second stage includes removal to firm dentine. ; Forner, L.; Llena, C.; an Lozano, A.; Moraleda, J.M. An alternative procedure to extraction or endodontic therapy is pulp capping, in which a medicament is placed directly over the exposed pulp (direct pulp cap), or a cavity liner or sealer is placed over residual caries (indirect pulp cap) in an attempt to maintain pulp vitality and avoid the more extensive treatment dictated by extraction or endodontic therapy. Brizuela, C.; Ormeño, A.; Cabrera, C.; Cabezas, R.; Silva, C.I. In Vivo evaluation of the inflammatory response and IL-6 immunoexpression promoted by Biodentine and MTA Angelus. A comparison of the remineralizing potential of dental restorative materials by analyzing their fluoride release profiles. eCollection 2020 Dec. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. How effectively do hydraulic calcium-silicate cements re-mineralize demineralized dentin. ; Piva, E. Physical and Biological Properties of a High-Plasticity Tricalcium Silicate Cement. Makkar, S.; Kaur, H.; Aggarwal, A.; Vashish, R. A confocal laser scanning microscopic study evaluating the sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate, Biodentine and new pulp capping agent—TheraCal. On account of its advantages, BD has recently become a preferable agent for both direct and indirect pulp capping procedures. Epub 2014 Aug 22. The statements, opinions and data contained in the journals are solely Nilsen, B.W. -, Tan S.Y., Yu V.S.H., Lim K.C., Tan B.C.K., Neo C.L.J., Shen L., Messer H.H. Therefore, the null hypothesis was accepted. Salem-Milani, A.; Ghasemi, S.; Rahimi, S.; Ardalan-Abdollahi, A.; Asghari-Jafarabadi, M. The Discoloration effect of White Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (WMTA), Calcium Enriched Mixture (CEM), and Portland Cement (PC) on Human Teeth. Aust. European Society of Endodontology position statement: Management of deep caries and the exposed pulp. Tooth disinfection with NaOCl or chlorhexidine digluconate 2% solution, as a less aggressive alternative, sterile technique, and rubber dam use, are recommended at all times throughout the management of deep caries whether the pulp is exposed or not [, According to recent position statement of the ESE, deep caries management should focus on avoidance of pulp exposure by the means of choosing selective one-stage carious-tissue removal or stepwise excavation treatment, rather than redefined indirect pulp capping procedure [, Direct pulp capping (DPC) treatment is used when the vital asymptomatic pulp is visibly exposed due to caries or trauma, or due to a misadventure during tooth preparation or caries removal [, In contrast to pulp capping procedures, which does not involve any pulp tissue removal, partial pulpotomy removes 2–3 mm of the pulp tissue at site of exposure. ; Lumley, P.J. Tran, X.V. Investigation of the physical properties of tricalcium silicate cement-based root-end filling materials. BD was designed as a permanent, biocompatible [, BD is available in the form of a capsule containing powder composed of tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, zirconium oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium oxide and iron oxide. ; Alamoudi, N.M.; Khafagi, M.G. ; Hwang, M.-J. Therefore, those materials should constitute the objects of future studies, especially in terms of cytotoxicity, quality of induced dentin bridge and protocols for higher bond strength to tooth structure and final restoration. • - Stimulate reparative dentin formation. Traditionally, deep caries management often resulted in pulp exposure and subsequent root canal treatment. Editing, M.L.-S. ; supervision M.L.-S. All authors have read and agreed to the disadvantages of.! 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